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Carbon capture for decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries: a comparative review of techno-economic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 1291-1317 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2151-5

摘要： Carbon capture and storage will play a crucial role in industrial decarbonisation. However, the current literature presents a large variability in the techno-economic feasibility of CO₂ capture technologies. Consequently, reliable pathways for carbon capture deployment in energy-intensive industries are still missing. This work provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art CO₂ capture technologies for decarbonisation of the iron and steel, cement, petroleum refining, and pulp and paper industries. Amine scrubbing was shown to be the least feasible option, resulting in the average avoided CO₂ cost of between 62.7

€·t CO 2 − 1

for the pulp and paper and 104.6

€·t CO 2 − 1

for the iron and steel industry. Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.7 (iron and steel) and 5.1

MJ th ⋅ kg CO 2 − 1

(cement). Retrofits of emerging calcium looping were shown to improve the overall viability of CO₂ capture for industrial decarbonisation. Calcium looping was shown to result in the average avoided CO₂ cost of between 32.7 (iron and steel) and 42.9

€·t CO 2 − 1

(cement). Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.0 (iron and steel) and 3.7

MJ th ⋅ kg CO 2 − 1

(pulp and paper). Such performance demonstrated the superiority of calcium looping for industrial decarbonisation. Further work should focus on standardising the techno-economic assessment of technologies for industrial decarbonisation.

关键词： industrial CO₂ emissions CCS deployment carbonate looping net-zero industry carbon capture benchmarks

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Evaluation Model for the Coordinated Development of a Circular Economy in China and Its Application to Energy-intensiveIndustries

Ji-liang Zheng,Chen Zheng,Pan Chen,Ching Yuan Luk

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 364-371 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014053

摘要： Energy-intensive industries (EIIs) are fundamental to the industrial development of China and are also the key industries of a circular economic infrastructure. It is worth paying attention to the coordinated development of a circular economy using EIIs due to the present interrelationship among EIIs. It is related to the optimization and comprehensive performance improvement of a circular economy. Based on the perspective of order parameter, this study uses economic and environmental subsystems to establish an evaluation model that examines the coordinated development of a circular economy within six main EIIs and an EII cluster from 2006 to 2011 in China. The result shows that the level of coordinated development in a circular economy among six EIIs differs and the level of coordinated development of circular economy among the EII cluster lags behind that of each EII examined. It also shows that the outside coordinated degree of EIIs is lower than the inside coordinated degree of each EII.

关键词： order parameter coordinated degree evaluation energy-intensive industry circular economy

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Air pollutant control and strategy in coal-fired power industry for promotion of China’s emission reduction

Weiliang WANG, Bo LI, Xuan YAO, Junfu LYU, Weidou NI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 307-316 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0620-4

摘要： Coal-fired power industry has always been the major power source in China. As coal-fired power industry consumes around a half of China’s coal production, it is always thought to be a big air pollutant emission source. As more and more strict legislations in coal-fired power industry have been issued by the government, the emission performance in coal-fired power industry has been drastically reduced recently. Based on a brief review of the development of emission control in China’s coal-fired power industry, the affecting mechanism among the development of installed capacities of emission control device, pollutant emission, and emission performances in coal-fired power industry is studied. According to a systematic study on the development of emissions of classified categories, the role of coal-fired power industry as a pollutant source is reevaluated. It is found that, coal-fired power industry has contributed the most to China’s emission reduction, and the barycenter of air pollutant emission has been transformed to other high energy consumption industries, like heat, iron/steel, and cement. Then some development strategies are suggested, such as maintaining the current emission standard in coal-fired power industry; expending the coal-fired power emission standards to categories of heat generation and supply, nonmetallic mineral production and ferrous metals smelting and processing; and controlling other heavy metal by consulting the method of Hg control.

关键词： coal-fired power industry energy intensive industries pollutant emission control NO_x SO₂ soot

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Characterising populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities in England

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1332-z

摘要：

• Bioaerosol emitted from farming and composting facilities may pose health risks.

关键词： Composting Intensive farming Bioaerosol Population characteristics Public health

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重大耗能设备低碳运行智能控制方法 Article

柴天佑, 李明宇, 周正, 程思宇, 贾瑶, 吴志伟

《工程（英文）》 2023年第27卷第8期页码 84-95 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.018

摘要：

本文在分析重大耗能设备运行专家的运行控制行为的基础上，将机理分析与深度学习，控制与优化和预测相结合，决策与控制相集成，提出了使单吨能耗在目标范围内尽可能小的低碳运行智能控制方法。该方法由设定值控制、自优化校正、跟踪控制组成。采用工业互联网端边云协同技术，研制了低碳运行的智能控制系统，成功应用于电熔镁炉，取得减少碳排放的显著效果。

关键词：重大耗能设备低碳运行智能控制端边云协同技术

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能源4.0：重塑经济结构——互联网技术与智慧能源

顾为东

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第3期页码 4-9

摘要：

本文根据几十年系统研究，提出与工业4.0相适应的能源4.0概念，其特征是通过互联网与电网，将太阳能、风能、化石能源、核能等供电侧与电解铝、氯碱、大规模海水淡化、制氢、煤炭清洁化、煤化工、冶金等高耗能产业用电侧，构建一个有机的高效、低成本、可持续、可调控的网络，即构建我国产业能源互联网体系，重塑经济结构，实现经济优化升级、成为实现经济新常态的重要抓手。

关键词：能源4.0；产业能源互联网；高耗能产业；调峰

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重点高耗能行业煤利用过程中的节能问题研究

金涌,陈勇,胡山鹰,赵黛青,马晓茜,王辅臣,呼和涛力

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第9期页码 82-90

摘要：

高耗能行业不仅能耗高也是能源密集型产业，并且煤和电占据行业能源消费结构中的主导地位。高耗能行业面对能源资源供应紧张、降低能耗以及低碳可持续发展的迫切需要，必须优先节能，并要重视和发展煤炭利用过程中的节能战略。本文围绕我国石化、钢铁、建材、化工、有色金属、造纸、纺织七个高耗能行业煤炭利用过程中的节能问题开展研究，突出发展要以节能为本的重要理念，在系统掌握当前我国高耗能行业煤炭利用情况的基础上，比较分析国内外技术水平的差距；通过运用态势（SWOT）分析法及产业技术路线图研究，总结各行业在节能方面面临的挑战和机遇；凝练了高耗能行业煤炭利用过程的节能途径及重点节能技术方向；最后强调了煤炭利用过程中节能对高耗能行业可持续发展的重要作用。

关键词：煤炭；高耗能行业；态势分析；技术路线图；节能技术

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REGIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL NITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN DIVERSE CROPLAND OF A REPRESENTATIVE INTENSIVE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第4期页码 530-540 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023515

摘要：

Soil nitrogen mineralization (N_min) is a key process that converts organic N into mineral N that controls soil N availability to plants. However, regional assessments of soil N_min in cropland and its affecting factors are lacking, especially in relation to variation in elevation. In this study, a 4-week incubation experiment was implemented to measure net soil N_min rate, gross nitrification (Nit) rate and corresponding soil abiotic properties in five field soils (A–C, maize; D, flue-cured tobacco; and E, vegetables; with elevation decreasing from A to E) from different altitudes in a typical intensive agricultural area in Dali City, Yunnan Province, China. The results showed that soil N_min rate ranged from 0.10 to 0.17 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹ N, with the highest value observed in field E, followed by fields D, C, B, and A, which indicated that soil N_min and Nit rates varied between fields, decreasing with elevation. The soil Nit rate ranged from 434.2 to 827.1 µg·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹ N, with the highest value determined in field D, followed by those in fields E, C, B, and A. The rates of soil N_min and Nit were positively correlated with several key soil parameters, including total soil N, dissolved organic carbon and dissolved inorganic N across all fields, which indicated that soil variables regulated soil N_min and Nit in cropland fields. In addition, a strong positive relationship was observed between soil N_min and Nit. These findings provide a greater understanding of the response of soil N_min among cropland fields related to spatial variation. It is suggested that the soil N_min from cropland should be considered in the evaluation of the N transformations at the regional scale.

关键词： cropland gross nitrification rate regulatory factors soil nitrogen mineralization spatial variation

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能源大数据技术的应用与发展

蔡泽祥,李立浧,刘平,徐敏,陈泽兴,张勇军,韩永霞,许爱东

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 72-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.011

摘要：

能源大数据技术作为“互联网+”智慧能源的重要组成部分，对推动我国能源革命、促进能源转型以及刺激能源行业创新发展具有重大作用。本文以“互联网+”智慧能源为背景，阐述了能源大数据技术的结构形态与关键特征；立足于大数据在我国新时代下能源行业发展的重要支撑意义，探讨了能源大数据技术的主要应用领域，重点讨论了目前实现能源大数据的主要制约因素；最后提出了几点发展对策，力求助力我国能源大数据的建设与完善，推动“互联网+”智慧能源的深度发展。

关键词：能源大数据互联网+ 智慧能源信息通信设施能源产业

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Carbon dioxide sequestration in petrochemical industries with the aim of reduction in greenhouse gas

Maryam Takht Ravanchi, Saeed Sahebdelfar, Farnaz Tahriri Zangeneh

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 173-178 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0562-1

摘要： The mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions to acceptable levels is arguably the greatest environmental challenge these days. Vast utilization of fossil fuels and forest destruction are main causes of CO increase in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide sequestration that consists of separation, transportation and utilization or storage of CO , is one way for reduction of its emission, in which the most costly section is separation. Different methods can be used for carbon dioxide separation such as absorption, membrane separation, adsorption and cryogenic distillation. Economic, technical and environmental issues should be considered in selection of the technology for particular application. Carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, pressure and flow rate are influential operating parameters in the selection of the appropriate separation method. Nowadays, absorption is the worldwide industrial separation method. New researches are focused on developing new stable solvents and efficient column configuration with suitable internals to minimize pressure drop. Membrane separation and adsorption (PSA type) are other long-term alternatives that can increase separation efficiency and decrease separation cost. The level of energy consumption in various separation methods are in the order: chemical absorption>physical absorption>membrane separation. Because of high investment costs, current separation technologies are suitable for large concentrated sources. In the present paper, different processes for carbon dioxide separation are investigated and compared. Available technologies and commercial plants for CO sequestration are provided.

关键词： carbon dioxide greenhouse effect separation membrane absorption adsorption

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2017年度环境与轻纺工程前沿

环境与轻纺工程项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2017年第1卷第1期页码 152-178

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绿色低碳新兴产业成熟度评价方法研究

孙旭东,李雪松,张博,彭苏萍

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第2期页码 98-107 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.02.014

摘要：

今后10~15 年是我国加快培育和发展新兴产业的关键时期，作为我国生态文明建设重要任务的绿色低碳产业发展也将面临重要机遇期。绿色低碳新兴产业以能源新技术、节能环保和新能源汽车为代表，其细分产业的技术特征、规模和发展程度存在明显的差异性，亟待开展与之对应的成熟度评价方法研究。本文在归纳产业成熟度评价的基本理论与通用方法的基础上，明确绿色低碳产业的范畴与定义，辨识相关产业的高质量发展特征；提出了绿色低碳产业成熟度评价模型与指标体系，具体阐述产业成熟度等级合成方法。以生物质热电联产产业为例完成了绿色低碳产业成熟度评价应用研究，分析认为案例产业发展整体达到了较成熟等级，但市场成熟度的进展滞后于工程科技进步。研究建议：建立绿色低碳产业成熟度年度评价机制，组建绿色低碳产业发展信息的权威发布机构，加强我国新兴产业数据库建设及客观评价。

关键词：绿色低碳新兴产业产业成熟度能源新技术节能环保新能源汽车

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对钱学森沙产业理论的学习和理解

刘恕

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第1期页码 9-14

摘要：

就沙产业的概念、理论依据、技术要点及意义做了全面阐述。沙产业作为沙漠戈壁合理利用的科学构想，是以沙漠戈壁地区具有充分阳光天賦资源优势为出发点，提倡用现代技术成果提高植物的光合作用效率，并在市场机制引导下施以有效的管理，最终获得经济、生态双项效益。同时就沙产业当前应用的技本路线通俗表达的“多采光、少用水、新技术、髙效益”内容做了诠释；介绍了在甘肃张掖地区的实践效果；在世界范围内解决人类粮食需求的意义也有说明。

关键词：沙产业不毛之地太阳能同化效率知识密集型农业沙漠戈壁人口、资源与环境

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CLIMATE-CHANGE-INDUCED TEMPORAL VARIATION IN PRECIPITATION INCREASES NITROGEN LOSSES FROM INTENSIVE CROPPING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第3期页码 457-464 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022452

摘要：

● A simple model was used to evaluate how increasing temporal variability in precipitation influences crop yields and nitrogen losses.

关键词： crop yield fertilizer timing nitrogen loss precipitation variability toy model

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太湖流域农业经营集约化管理研究

史健鹏,金苗,任泽,黄贤忠,李旭祥

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 104-107

摘要：

就解决太湖水体富营养化最主要的污染源——农业面污染源，根据微观经济学原理建立了农业集约化管理模型。以GIS为平台估算其耕地面积和化肥的科学施用量，用SPSS相关性分析当地居民的问卷调查，对集约化管理产生的经济效益和环境效益进行详细分析，得出农业面源污染物总氮、总磷排放比2005年各下降21 %和16 %。结论显示在太湖流域套用集约化管理能够很好地控制农业面污染源，将农业面污染源的问题与实际社会成本、农业体制改革结合，从根本上解决农业面污染源。

关键词：太湖农业面源污染集约化管理 GIS SPSS